Due to increased life expectancy and lower birth rates, many countries are facing a “greying population”. Discuss the challenges that this trend may cause and evaluate possible solutions, with detailed reference to at least two countries

• Номер работы:
  477027
• Раздел:
  Все работы   →   Эссе   →   Английский язык
• Год добавления:
  15.12.2017 г.
• Объем работы:
  7 стр.
• Содержание:
  CHALLENGES OF “GREYING POPULATION”
  Introduction
  Ageing is not unique to the modern times, but it was only in the past hundred years that it has become commonplace. It is estimated that in the prehistoric era old age was extremely rare, and even up to the seventeenth century, probably only about l per cent of the population was over 65. By the nineteenth century, this proportion had risen to approximately 4 per cent (Stuart-Hamilton, 2012).
  Increased life expectancy appears to be a wonderful thing. However, it is not the universal benefit that it might at first seem to be. Thus, the economy experiences a shortage of workforce due to the phenomenon of a graying population. Older adults often suffer from poverty. A lot of elderly people spend the ‘extra time’ suffering from one or more physical disabilities and hence the discomfort.
  …………………..
  Pension Inequality
  Another concern caused by the aging population is that it could exacerbate pension inequality. In Germany, for instance, pension levels in the federal retirement system in Germany correlate directly to the amount of income earned throughout one"s career. Taking this into consideration, demographic change and ageing is mainly seen negatively due to the lack of proportionality in the private and federal pension systems among other problems (Von Weizsacker, 1995).
  …………….
  Pressure on Healthcare Services
  One more problem of a greying population is that the elderly are a strain on the healthcare services. Thus, in Britain the percentage of the total population who are over 60 with serious health problems is predicted to rise from 22% at present to nearly 29% in 2033 and 31% in 2058 (Zografos, 2013).
  It means that there is expected to be a higher proportion of people who will require medical attention and care because elderly people are more vulnerable to illness and as a result require hospitalization.
  ……………..
  
  Bibliography
  21st Century Challenges. (2017). UK Ageing Population. [Online] Available at: https://21stcenturychallenges.org/britains-ageing-population/ [Accessed 12 Dec. 2017].
  Radovic-Markovic, M. (2013). An aging workforce: Employment Opportunities and Obstacles. Cadmus, 1(6), p.142.
  Stuart-Hamilton, I. (2012). The psychology of ageing. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  Von Weizsacker, R. (1995). Public pension reform, demographics, and inequality. Journal of Population Economics, 8(2), pp.205-221.
  Zografos, L. (2013). The cost of Parkinson"s disease in the UK. [Online] Parkure. Available at: http://parkure.co.uk/cost-parkinsons-disease-uk/ [Accessed 13 Dec. 2017].
  
  
  
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  CHALLENGES OF “GREYING POPULATION”
  Introduction
  Ageing is not unique to the modern times, but it was only in the past hundred years that it has become commonplace. It is estimated that in the prehistoric era old age was extremely rare, and even up to the seventeenth century, probably only about l per cent of the population was over 65. By the nineteenth century, this proportion had risen to approximately 4 per cent (Stuart-Hamilton, 2012).
  Increased life expectancy appears to be a wonderful thing. However, it is not the universal benefit that it might at first seem to be. Thus, the economy experiences a shortage of workforce due to the phenomenon of a graying population. Older adults often suffer from poverty. A lot of elderly people spend the ‘extra time’ suffering from one or more physical disabilities and hence the discomfort.
  …………………..
  Pension Inequality
  Another concern caused by the aging population is that it could exacerbate pension inequality. In Germany, for instance, pension levels in the federal retirement system in Germany correlate directly to the amount of income earned throughout one"s career. Taking this into consideration, demographic change and ageing is mainly seen negatively due to the lack of proportionality in the private and federal pension systems among other problems (Von Weizsacker, 1995).
  …………….
  Pressure on Healthcare Services
  One more problem of a greying population is that the elderly are a strain on the healthcare services. Thus, in Britain the percentage of the total population who are over 60 with serious health problems is predicted to rise from 22% at present to nearly 29% in 2033 and 31% in 2058 (Zografos, 2013).
  It means that there is expected to be a higher proportion of people who will require medical attention and care because elderly people are more vulnerable to illness and as a result require hospitalization.
  ……………..
  
  Bibliography
  21st Century Challenges. (2017). UK Ageing Population. [Online] Available at: https://21stcenturychallenges.org/britains-ageing-population/ [Accessed 12 Dec. 2017].
  Radovic-Markovic, M. (2013). An aging workforce: Employment Opportunities and Obstacles. Cadmus, 1(6), p.142.
  Stuart-Hamilton, I. (2012). The psychology of ageing. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  Von Weizsacker, R. (1995). Public pension reform, demographics, and inequality. Journal of Population Economics, 8(2), pp.205-221.
  Zografos, L. (2013). The cost of Parkinson"s disease in the UK. [Online] Parkure. Available at: http://parkure.co.uk/cost-parkinsons-disease-uk/ [Accessed 13 Dec. 2017].
  
  
  
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