Famous British museums

• Номер работы:
  137248
• Раздел:
  Все работы   →   Курсовые работы - простые   →   Английский язык
• Год добавления:
  03.12.2009 г.
• Куда сдавалась:
  Российский социальный государственный университет
• Объем работы:
  44 стр.
• Содержание:
  Entry 4
  Chapter 1. Famous museums of England 6
  1.1. The British Museum 6
  1.2. Madame Tussauds 10
  1.3. The Victoria and Albert Museum 12
  1.4. Natural History Museum 15
  1.5. The Bramah's Museum of Tea and Coffee 16
  Chapter 2. Famous museums of Wales 18
  2.1. National Museum Wales 18
  2.2. St Fagans 19
  2.3. Big Pit National Coal Museum 20
  2.4. National Woollen Museum 21
  2.5. National Slate Museum 22
  2.6. National Roman Legionary Museum 24
  2.7. National Waterfront Museum 25
  Chapter 3. Famous museums of Scotland 27
  3.1. The Museum of Scotland 27
  3.2. The National Museum of Costume 28
  3.3. National War Museum 29
  3.4. National Museum of Flight 30
  3.5. National Museum of Rural Life 32
  3.6. The Scotch Whisky Experience 34
  Chapter 4. Famous museums of Northern Ireland 35
  4.1. Irish Museum of Modern Art 35
  4.2. State Heraldic Museum 36
  4.3. National Museum of Ireland 37
  Sources and literature 41
  Official websites: 41
  Books 42
  Articles from newspapers and magazines 43
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  Некоторые тезисы из работы по теме Famous British museums
  The history of museum starts in 1753, when The British Museum was established on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. Over his lifetime, Sloane collected more than 71,000 objects which he wanted to be preserved intact after his death. So he bequeathed the whole collection to King George II for the nation in return for a payment of £20,000 to his heirs. The gift was accepted and on 7 June 1753, an Act of Parliament established the British Museum .
  The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in Montagu House in Bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. Until 1997 it housed both a national museum of antiquities and a national library in the same building, but later British Library was opened to public.
  In the early part of the nineteenth century there were a number of high profile acquisitions. These included the Rosetta Stone (1802), the Townley collection of classical sculpture (1805), and the Parthenon sculptures (1816).
  In 1823 the gift to the nation by George IV of his father's library (the King's Library) prompted the construction of today's quadrangular building designed by Sir Robert Smirke (1780–1867).
  By 1857, both the quadrangular building and the round Reading Room had been constructed. To make more room for the increasing collections held by the Museum, the natural history collections were moved to a new building in South Kensington in the 1880s. This became the Natural History Museum.
  The Museum was involved in much excavation abroad. Its Assyrian collections formed the basis for the understanding of cuneiform (an ancient Middle Eastern script). In the same way the Rosetta Stone had resulted in the unlocking of Egyptian hieroglyphic script (a symbol-based script).
  A key figure during this period was Sir Augustus Wollaston Franks (1826–97). Appointed to the Museum in 1851, he was the first person to be responsible for British and medieval material. Franks expanded the collection in new directions, collecting not only British and medieval antiquities but also prehistoric, ethnographic and archaeological material from Europe and beyond as well as oriental art and objects.
  Visitor numbers increased greatly during the nineteenth century. The Museum attracted crowds of all ages and social classes, particularly on public holidays. Alongside their academic work, curators took an interest in broadening the Museum's appeal through lectures, improving the displays and writing popular guides to the collections.
  By the last years of the nineteenth century, The British Museum's collections had increased so much that the Museum building was no longer big enough for them. In 1895 the trustees purchased the 69 houses surrounding the Museum with the intention of demolishing them and building around the West, North and East sides of the Museum. The first stage was the construction of the northern wing beginning 1906 .
  The Workshops and Buildings are designed as though quarrymen and engineers have just put down their tools and left the courtyard for home, while an array of Talks and Demonstrations including slate-splitting give you a real insight into quarry life.
  Here you can hear the gripping Story of Slate, encompassing such great events as industrial unrest on the one hand, and the small details of everyday life on the other. Fron Haul recaptures significant periods from the slate industry with a row of quarrymen’s houses on the museum site. Strikes and suffering, craftsmanship and community: all the drama of real people's lives.
  The National Slate Museum at Llanberis invested a £1.6 million lottery grant into bringing back to life the inheritance of the north Wales slate industry, which roofed the industrial revolution.
  Now, with imaginative interpretation, the remarkable relics of the slate industry can be understood and enjoyed by the many thousands of visitors to this stunning countryside, on the flanks of Snowdon.
  The lottery grant made possible unique features and facilities, offering the visitor an unparalleled day out in the richly wooded lakeside landscape of the Padarn Country Park.
  The Museum originally opened to the public in 1972. Many of the sites former quarrymen and engineers were employed to present their craft, while equipment was collected from other Welsh quarries.
  In later years the quarry’s incline was restore to its former glory, and the Museum re-opened in 1999 with new unique features and facilities. In 2005, the National Slate Museum scooped the Wales Tourist Board’s prestigious 'Sense of Place Award' .