Экономический кризис в когнетивных метафорах англоязычных СМИ 2 глава

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  234201
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  Все работы   →   Части дипломной   →   Английский язык
• Год добавления:
  21.01.2013 г.
• Объем работы:
  30 стр.
• Содержание:
  Chapter II. Metaphor as a way to represent the economic crisis in English mass-media
  
  2.1. Different semantic features of metaphors that express the economic crisis in English mass-media
  2.2. Some types of metaphor that express the economic crisis in English mass-media
  2.3. Some metaphorical models of financial crisis
  Conclusion
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  Некоторые тезисы из работы по теме Экономический кризис в когнетивных метафорах англоязычных СМИ
  
  2 глава
  Chapter II. Metaphor as a way to represent the economic crisis in English mass-media
  
  2.1. Different semantic features of metaphors that express the economic crisis in English mass-media
  
  Firstly, I would like to comment upon the headline “People need confidence during the tough economic times” is selected from the Financial Times (Oct.28, 2009). Here, the phrase, the tough economic times, means the difficult economic times. Another headline, the eurozone economic recovery, which is also from the Financial Times, refers to the eurozone economy goes back to a former position of prosperity. People may often read them effortlessly in the English financial newspapers and magazines. They are so deeply entrenched in everyday use by ordinary people that most people would not even notice that they use metaphor. As a matter of fact, in the cognitive linguistic view they are metaphorical phenomena, the word tough is in connection with economy, the word recovery is in connection with economy. With the help of metaphor, economy, this ordinary abstract concept, can be easily and clearly comprehended.
  Secondly, I would like to focus on economic metaphorical expressions and sentences from the Financial Times, CNNMoney.
  The great financial crisis has produced a cluster of cliches and a meltdown of metaphors. We point out the following semantic types of metaphors.
  1. The first type is ECONOMY IS HUMAN BEINGS.
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  2.2. Some types of metaphor that express the economic crisis in English mass-media
  In our study, we have identified the following types of metaphors: structural, ontological, orientational.
  Table 1. Types of metaphor of economic crisis in English mass-media
  
  Type example interpretation sum
  
  
  
  
  Structural
  
  metaphor
  1. the heart of global economy.
  2. the backbone of the economy.
  3. Corporations hang on stubbornly.
  4. British car industry now looks healthier.
  5. The media is important to a well-functioning economy.
  6. Money supply is not adequate. to grease the wheels of economic growth.
  7. They are commercial activity that oils the wheels of the economy.
  8. the branch of the company.
  9. the root of Net economy.
  10. New technologies have changed the structure of the American economy.
  11. construct a market economy
  12. The firms also restructured more vigorously
  
  We can see that structural
  metaphors are culturally grounded in our experience with material resources. Material resources are typically raw materials or sources of fuel. Structural metaphors economic crisis in English mass-media are viewed as serving purposeful ends. Fuel may be used for heating, transportation, or the energy used in producing a finished product. Raw materials typically go directly into products. In both cases, the material resources can be quantified and given a value. In all cases, it is the kind of material as opposed to the particular piece or quantity of it that is important for achieving the purpose.
  
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  Conclusion
  
  In this part, four different kinds of metaphors in English economic contexts are gathered and analyzed carefully, namely, ECONOMY IS HUMAN BEINGS,
  ECONOMY IS A MACHINE, ECONOMY IS A PLANT and ECONOMY IS ABUILDING. All the conceptual metaphors fall into categories distinguished by Lakoff. They have similarities and differences although they have their respective meaning focuses.
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