Вопросы по теоретическому и практическому курсу английского языка

• Номер работы:
  140643
• Раздел:
  Все работы   →   Ответы на вопросы /ГОСы и экзамены   →   Английский язык
• Год подготовки:
  11.01.2010
• Куда сдавалась:
  Московская гуманитарно-техническую академия (МГТА)
• Объем работы:
  61 стр.
• Содержание:
  1. Origin of the English language
  2. Chronological division in the History of the English language. Brief survey of the periods.
  3. The development of analytical forms in English.
  4. The Great Vowel Shift, its impact on the English alphabet and orthography.
  5. The notion of a phoneme. Allophones.
  6. The classification of English phonemes.
  7. Allophonic alterations. Modification of sounds in continuous speech.
  8. The syllable and its functions. Syllable formation in English.
  9. Intonation and prosody.
  10. The main phonetic peculiarities of national variants and dialects of the English language.
  11. The word as the basic unit of language system. Semantic structure of English words. Morphological structure of English words.
  12. The most productive ways of word-formation.
  13. Etymological survey of the English word-stock.
  14. Polysemy and homonymy.
  15. Synonyms and antonyms.
  16. Types of phraseological units.
  17. Regional varieties of the word-stock. Stylistic differentiation.
  18. The noun. Grammatical categories of the noun.
  19. The adjective. The problem of analytical degrees of comparison.
  20. The verb. The system of verbal categories.
  21. The subject of syntax. Syntax as a unity of colligation and collocation. The main syntactic units.
  22. Stylistics as a branch of general linguistics. Functional styles of language and their substyles.
  23. Phonetic expressive means and stylistic devices.
  24. Lexical expressive means and stylistic devices.
  25. Syntactical expressive means and stylistic devices.
  26. Stylistic classification in English vocabulary.
  
• Выдержка из работы:
  1. Origin of the English language
  English is a member of the West Germanic family of languages. Germanic is a branch of the Indo-European language family.
  The borrowing began even before the Anglo-Saxon arrived. So there are very few Celtic loans during that period, but it is necessary to point out that the influence of Latin is strong, especially after the arrival of Christianity (e.g. bishop, church, priest, school, giant, purple, plant), i.e. due to the great influence of the Roman civilization Latin was for a long time used in England as the language of learning and religion. Also there were many biological, domestic and general words most of which have survived in Modern English. At the same time, many Old English words were given new "Christian" meanings under missionary influence. Heaven, hell, God, Gospel, Easier, sin and several others were semantically refashioned at that time.
  26. Stylistic classification in English vocabulary.
  In accordance with the division of language into literary and colloquial, we may represent the whole of the word stock of the English language as being divided into three main layers:
  1) the literary layer,
  2) colloquial layer and
  3) the neutral layer.
  The aspect of the literary layer is its markedly bookish character. It is this that makes the layer more or less stable. The aspect of the colloquial layer of words is its lively spoken character. It is this that makes it unstable, fleeting. The aspect of the neutral layer is its universal character. That means it is unrestricted in its use. It can be employed in all styles of language and in all spheres of human activity.
  The literary vocabulary consists of the following groups of words:
  1) common literary;
  2) terms and learned words;
  3) poetic words;
  4) archaic words;
  5) barbarisms & foreign words;
  6) literary coinages including nonce words.
  The colloquial vocabulary falls into the following groups:
  1) common colloquial words;
  2) slang;
  3) jargonisms;
  5) dialectal words;
  6) vulgar words;
  7) colloquial coinages.
  The common literary, neutral and common colloquial words are grouped under the term standard English vocabulary.